It is a late ripening red variety bred by the cross between "Qin Guan" and "FuJi".This variety inherits the "Qin Guan" high yield, disease resistance, easy management, storage tolerance and "Fu Shi" quality advantages, large fruit, high yield, stable yield and easy management.Quality close to "Fuji";The fruit surface is showy, easy to color, and can be cultivated without bags, especially in high altitude areas of the Loess Plateau.

1.The seedling provenance

"Ruiyang" is a new variety of high-quality red late-ripening apple that has been independently developed by Zhao Zhengyang, professor of Northwest A&F University and chief apple expert of Shaanxi Province, led by his team, which has spent more than 20 years.This variety apple early fruit, high yield, strong resistance, easy cultivation, storage resistance.

Zhao Zhengyang led his team to conduct cross breeding with Qin Guan as the female parent and Changfu 2 as the male parent, and select the new strain with excellent performance. From 2006 to 2009, the new strain passed the check evaluation and was considered to have excellent comprehensive traits and was identified as the check superior line.Regional cultivation experiments were conducted in Baishui county, Xunyi County and Fufeng County, Shaanxi province from 2010 to 2014. The plant characteristics, biological characteristics, high yield and stable yield, stress resistance and other agronomic traits of this strain were stable, and the fruit economic traits were excellent. On January 27, 2015, it was approved by Shaanxi Provincial Variety Examination Committee (Shaanxi fruit Examination word N0.065-P021-2015).

2.The main character

2.1 Economic characters of fruit

Fruit conical or short conical, mean single fruit mass 282.3g, fruit shape index 0.84.The undertone is yellowish green with bright red colour. The fruit surface is smooth, glossy, with small points, medium to large, light brown and thin powder.The pulp is milky white, the flesh is fine and crisp, the juice is much, the flavor is sweet, has the aroma.Flesh hardness 7.21kg/cm2, titratable acid content 0.33%, soluble solid content 16.5%, total sugar content 14%, vitamin C content 8.83mg/100g.The fruit can be stored for 5 months at room temperature and 10 months in cold storage.

2.2 Growth habit

The average height of the 4-year dwarf tree from root anvil was 3.056m, the dry height was 63cm, the dry diameter was 42.33cm 5cm from the ground, the crown diameter was 1.58m from east to west and 1.42m from north to south.In the periphery of the crown, the length of new shoots was 43.4cm, the diameter of 1-year new shoots was 0.53cm, and the average internode length was 2.03cm.

The germination rate of 2-year shoots was 55%, which was higher than that of the control group Changfu no.2 and Qinguan. The budding rate was 5.3, which was also higher than that of the control group.The ratio of 4-year dwarf from root anvil to long, medium and short branches was 19%, 37.4% and 43.6% respectively.In baishui county, shaanxi xunyi and out county pilot production statistics, it can be seen that rui Yang with M26 dwarf built from root stock high quality nursery stock, 2 years as a result, 3 years on average 1269.67 kg per mu, 4 years on average 1957 kg per mu, with contrast varieties venturia inaequalis (1818.33 kg) per mu close, long is significantly higher than 2, 1215 kg of area yield levels.The ripening stage of fruit was consistent, and there was no fruit dropping before harvest.

3.  The phenophase

In the central region of Weibei, it sprouts in mid-to-late March, blossoms in mid-April, begins to color in mid-september, ripens in mid-to-late October, and the ripening stage is the same as That of Qin Guan.The growth period is about 180 days, and leaves fall in mid to late November.

4.Disease resistance and cultivation adaptability

In 2013 and 2014, the inoculation of brown spot bacteria and the occurrence of field diseases in Ruiyang were studied successively. It can be seen that the disease of Red Fuji is the most serious, manifested as disease susceptibility, while the disease of Qinguan and Ruiyang is relatively mild, manifested as high resistance.All three varieties showed resistance to powdery mildew.Through continuous adaptability survey for many years, Ruiyang has strong adaptability and can be planted in Shaanxi Province and the main production area of Apple in China.